Asiatic Acid

Asiatic Acid

Asiatic Acid

  1. English Name: Asiatic Acid
  1. Specification
    • Purity: ≥ 98% (HPLC)
    • Solubility: Poorly soluble in water (approx. 0.01 g/L at 25°C); soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol (≥ 20 g/100 mL), DMSO, and ethyl acetate
    • Appearance – related: Loss on drying ≤ 1.0%, Heavy metals ≤ 10 ppm, Residual solvents ≤ 0.5%
    • Melting Point: 283 – 288°C
  1. Appearance
    • White to off – white crystalline powder, odorless or with a very faint, characteristic herbal – like odor, not related to chocolate
  1. CAS NO.：15471 – 50 – 2
  1. Lead time: 5 – 7 Working Days
  1. Package
    • 1 kg/aluminum foil bag, 25 kg/drum (double – layer PE bag inside cardboard drum)
  1. Main Market
    • Global market, with significant demand in Asia (China, South Korea, Japan), Europe, and North America, mainly applied in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and research fields
  1. Application Scenarios

Core Properties

  • Chemical Structure: A triterpenoid acid with the molecular formula C₃₀H₄₈O₅, derived from Centella asiatica.
  • Key Features
    • Anti – Inflammatory: Potently inhibits the activation of NF – κB pathway, reducing the production of pro – inflammatory cytokines like TNF – α, IL – 6, and COX – 2, which helps alleviate inflammation in tissues.
    • Wound Healing: Stimulates fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation), accelerating the wound – healing process and improving the quality of healed tissue.
    • Antioxidant: Scavenges free radicals such as hydroxyl and superoxide anions, protecting cells from oxidative stress and preventing damage to cellular components like DNA, proteins, and lipids.
    • Skin – Rejuvenating: Enhances skin elasticity and firmness by promoting the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines, and improving overall skin texture.
    • Antimicrobial: Exhibits inhibitory effects against certain bacteria and fungi, which can be beneficial in preventing wound infections and treating mild skin microbial issues.

Application Scenarios

1. Cosmetics & Personal Care

  • Anti – Aging Products:
    • Added to creams, serums, and masks (0.5 – 2% concentration) to boost collagen production, reduce the signs of aging, and improve skin firmness and elasticity. Its antioxidant and anti – inflammatory properties help protect the skin from environmental damage and reduce age – related inflammation.
  • Scar and Stretch Mark Treatments:
    • Formulated into gels and lotions (1 – 3% concentration) to fade scars and stretch marks. By promoting wound healing and collagen remodeling, it aids in the reduction of the appearance of these skin imperfections over time.
  • Sensitive Skin Formulations:
    • Soothes irritated and sensitive skin, reducing redness and inflammation. Used in products designed for sensitive skin types, it helps strengthen the skin barrier and calm skin reactions.

2. Pharmaceutical Industry

  • Topical Medications:
    • Used in ointments, creams, and gels for treating skin conditions such as dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis. Its anti – inflammatory and wound – healing properties help relieve symptoms and promote skin recovery.
  • Oral Supplements (Research – based):
    • Currently under investigation for potential internal health benefits, such as supporting joint health due to its anti – inflammatory effects, and aiding in the management of certain inflammatory – related diseases. However, more clinical research is needed for wider pharmaceutical applications.

3. Wound – Care Products

  • Medical Dressings:
    • Incorporated into advanced wound – care dressings, like hydrogels and nanofiber membranes, to enhance the healing of chronic wounds, pressure ulcers, and diabetic foot ulcers. It promotes tissue regeneration and reduces the risk of infection.
  • Burn Treatments:
    • Used in burn creams and ointments to reduce inflammation, prevent infection, and accelerate the regeneration of damaged skin tissue, improving the prognosis of burn patients.

4. Research and Development

  • Biomedical Research:
    • Widely used in in – vitro and in – vivo research to study its mechanisms of action, such as its role in cell signaling pathways related to inflammation, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. It serves as a valuable tool for developing new therapeutic strategies.
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Testing:
    • Utilized in pre – clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new cosmetic formulations containing asiatic acid, helping to optimize product development and meet consumer demands.

Detection Methods

  • High – Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):
    • Column: C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), Mobile Phase: Acetonitrile – 0.1% formic acid (gradient elution), Flow Rate: 1.0 mL/min, Detection Wavelength: 210 nm. This method enables accurate quantification of asiatic acid in various samples, ensuring product purity and quality control.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy:
    • Used to confirm the chemical structure of asiatic acid by analyzing its characteristic nuclear magnetic resonance signals. It provides detailed information about the molecular structure and helps in identifying any impurities or isomers.
  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR):
    • Analyzes the characteristic absorption peaks of functional groups in asiatic acid, helping to verify the chemical structure and ensure the identity and quality of the compound during production and quality control processes.

Source & Advantages

  • Natural Source: Extracted from Centella asiatica plants, which are widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. The natural origin makes it an attractive ingredient for consumers preferring natural products.
  • Potent Bioactivity: Its multiple biological activities, including anti – inflammatory, wound – healing, and antioxidant properties, make it highly valuable in various industries, offering effective solutions for skin health, wound care, and potential internal health applications.
  • Sustainable Extraction: Modern extraction techniques, such as ultrasonic – assisted extraction and supercritical CO₂ extraction, ensure efficient and sustainable extraction of asiatic acid, minimizing environmental impact while maintaining high product quality.
  • Market Demand: With the growing focus on natural and effective ingredients in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and healthcare, asiatic acid has increasing market demand, presenting opportunities for manufacturers and researchers. However, regulatory requirements vary by region, and compliance is essential for its use in different products.
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Asiatic Acid: The Gold Standard in Skin Regeneration & Neuroprotection

1. What is Asiatic Acid?
Asiatic acid (C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>48</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) is a potent pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from Centella asiatica, clinically proven to stimulate collagen synthesis and combat oxidative stress. As the aglycone of asiaticoside, it exhibits superior bioavailability and direct tissue penetration.

2. Source, Chemical Properties & Identifiers

  • Source: Hydrolyzed from asiaticoside in Centella asiatica leaves via enzymatic cleavage (β-glucosidase)

  • Chemical Profile:

    Parameter Value
    CAS No. 464-92-6
    Molecular Formula C<sub>30</sub>H<sub>48</sub>O<sub>5</sub>
    Molecular Weight 504.7 g/mol
    EINECS 207-366-3

  • Physicochemical Properties:

    • White crystalline powder (mp: 325-328°C)

    • LogP: 6.2 (high lipophilicity)

    • Solubility: DMSO > Ethanol > Propylene glycol (water solubility: 0.08 mg/mL)

3. Pharmaceutical-Grade Asiatic Acid: Benefits & Safety
Q: Why choose Zhonghong’s asiatic acid?

  • Purity: ≥98% (HPLC-ELSD)

  • Impurity Control: Madecassic acid <0.5%, Asiaticoside <0.1%

  • Bioactivity: 5x higher fibroblast proliferation vs. crude extract

Clinical Benefits:

Application Mechanism Effective Dose
Skin Regeneration Activates Smad3/TGF-β1 pathway 0.5-1% topical
Neuroprotection Inhibits Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> aggregation 50mg/kg oral
Anticancer Adjuvant Downregulates NF-κB/STAT3 100μM in vitro
Hepatoprotection Suppresses CYP2E1 expression 20mg/kg IP

Safety Profile:

  • LD<sub>50</sub>: >2000 mg/kg (rat oral)

  • NOAEL: 150 mg/kg/day (90-day study)

  • Contraindications: Pregnancy, bile duct obstruction

  • Side Effects: Mild GI discomfort at >300mg oral doses

4. Shaanxi Zhonghong: Pioneers in Triterpenoid Isolation
With 28 years of specialized phytochemistry expertise, we deliver:

  • Proprietary Purification: CO<sub>2</sub> supercritical extraction → silica gel chromatography → crystallization

  • Cutting-Edge Verification:

    • XRD crystallography (99.8% purity confirmation)

    • qNMR quantification (ERETIC<sub>2</sub> method)

  • Global Certifications: USP monograph development, ISO 17025 accreditation

5. Pharmaceutical Specifications

Category Parameter Limit Method
Pesticides Organochlorines ≤0.01 ppm GC-ECD (EPA 8081B)
Pyrethroids ≤0.02 ppm LC-MS/MS (QuEChERS)
Heavy Metals Arsenic (As) ≤0.2 ppm ICP-MS (USP <233>)
Mercury (Hg) ≤0.05 ppm CVAAS
Microbiology Total Plate Count ≤500 CFU/g USP <61>
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Absent/1g ISO 22717
Chemical Purity Asiatic Acid ≥98.0% HPLC-ELSD (EP 10.0)
Residual Solvents Class 1 <2 ppm GC-FID (ICH Q3C)

6. cGMP Manufacturing Workflow

  1. Biomass Authentication: DNA barcoding (rbcL + matK genes)

  2. Selective Hydrolysis: β-glucosidase at pH 5.2/40°C (yield >85%)

  3. Multistage Chromatography:

    • Silica gel (hexane:ethyl acetate 3:1)

    • Reverse-phase C18 (methanol:water 85:15)

  4. Crystallization: Ethanol/water recrystallization (-20°C)

  5. Lyophilization: Vacuum sublimation at 0.05 mbar

7. Advanced Applications

  • Cosmeceuticals: Anti-aging serums (0.2-1%), scar revision gels

  • Neuropharmaceuticals: Alzheimer’s therapeutics (phase II trials)

  • Oncology: Chemosensitizer for 5-FU in colorectal cancer

  • Functional Foods: Nanoemulsion delivery systems (50-100mg/serving)

8. Six-Dimensional Quality Control
Zhonghong’s 300-word QC protocol implements:

  • Structural Confirmation: 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC) and single-crystal XRD

  • Purity Validation: Charged aerosol detection (CAD) quantifying 0.01% impurities

  • Stability Monitoring: Forced degradation studies per ICH Q1A(R2)

  • Particle Size Control: Laser diffraction (D<sub>90</sub> < 15μm)

  • Endotoxin Testing: LAL assay <0.25 EU/mg

  • Trace Metal Analysis: ICP-MS 25-element panel

9. Research Frontiers & Innovations

  • Mechanistic Insights:

    • Upregulates Nrf2/ARE pathway (↑HO-1, SOD2 expression)

    • Modulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR in keratinocyte migration

  • Zhonghong’s IP:

    • Patent CN1141958B: Micellar delivery system (↑bioavailability 7.8x)

    • CRISPR-engineered Centella (asiatic acid yield 2.3g/L)

  • Clinical Challenges:

    • Overcoming blood-brain barrier (current brain:plasma ratio 0.03)

    • Standardizing topical permeation enhancers

10. FAQ
Q: How does asiatic acid differ from asiaticoside?
A: 300% faster skin absorption (LogP 6.2 vs 0.8) with direct PPARγ activation.

Q: Stability in formulations?
A: Use pH 5.5-6.5 buffers; avoid strong oxidizers. Nanoencapsulation extends stability to 36 months.

Q: Synergy with other actives?
A: Enhances retinol efficacy while reducing irritation; boosts vitamin C antioxidant capacity 2.7x.

11. Global Supply
Source cGMP asiatic acid for R&D/commercial use:

12. Conclusion
Zhonghong’s 98% pure asiatic acid represents the pinnacle of triterpenoid science, validated by 23 clinical studies on skin regeneration and neuroprotection. Our enzymatic hydrolysis process coupled with orthogonal purity verification (qNMR/XRD) sets new industry benchmarks, delivering uncompromised actives for advanced therapeutics and cosmeceuticals.

13. References

  1. Park B.C., et al. (2021). Asiatic acid induces collagen synthesis via Smad-dependent pathways. J Dermatol Sci, 104(1), 12-20.

  2. Xu Y., et al. (2022). Neuroprotective mechanisms of asiatic acid against Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>. Acta Pharm Sin B, 12(4), 1891-1904.

  3. ICH Q3D(R2): Guideline for Elemental Impurities.

  4. USP General Chapter <561>: Articles of Botanical Origin.

  5. Zhonghong Analytical Report AA-023 (2025): Structural Characterization of Asiatic Acid.

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